Grammar: Affixes, Parallelism, Used to, Be/get used to, Would, Verb +v + Ing and The superlative forms of adjectives - English - Bac
Grammar of unit 1
1) Affixes
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The negative prefixes are used before some words to modify their meanings
un + able = unable
in + active = inactive
im + possible = impossible
mis + understand = misunderstand
il + legal = illegal
dis + appear = disappear
Ir + reversible = irreversible
Un....
|
Dis.....
|
In......
|
Ir.......
|
Il.......
|
Im.....
|
Non....
|
Uninhabited
Unbelievable
Unknown
Unpleasanr
Uninterested
|
Dislike
Disappear
Disagree
|
Incurable
Inappropriate
|
Irregular
Irresponsible
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Illegal
Illogical
Illegible
|
Impossible
Immature
|
Non-living
Non-violent
Non-smoker
|
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The suffixes are used at the end of some words to form :
Adjectives:
Eg : verb+ able = preventable / affordable
verbe + ive = depressive / educative
verb + ing = frightening
verb +ed = employed
noun + ful = colorful
noun + y = funny
noun + less = childless
Nouns:
verb + ance = attendance
adjective + ness = sickness
verb + ment = employment
We use ‘used to’ to talk about things that happened in the past – actions or states – that no longer happen now.
If you are used to something, you are accustomed to it – you don’t find it unusual. If you get used to something or you are getting used to something you are becoming accustomed to it – it was strange, now it’s not so strange.
2)Parallelism
definition : The repetition
of a form , tense or structure
example 1 : she sang , danced and
laughed during the whole party
exemple2: He wanted to have a new house to live in, and a
new car to drive.
3)Used to + infinitive
=> habit in the past that is more
true
We use ‘used to’ to talk about things that happened in the past – actions or states – that no longer happen now.
example 1 :She used
to be a long
distance runner when she was younger.
example 2 :I used
to eat meat but I
became a vegetarian 5 years ago.
example3 : when I was young , I used to eat a lot of sweets
4)Be/get used to
If you are used to something, you are accustomed to it – you don’t find it unusual. If you get used to something or you are getting used to something you are becoming accustomed to it – it was strange, now it’s not so strange.
example 1: I found Slovak food very strange at first but
I’m used to it now.
example 2 :I’m getting used
to driving on the
right.
Both ‘be used to’ and ‘get used to’ are
followed by a noun (or pronoun) or the gerund – the ‘ing’ form of a
verb.
example 1 :I can’t get used
to getting
up so early. I’m tired all the time.
example 2 : He’s not used
to the weather here
yet. He’s finding it very cold.
‘Be/get used to’ can be used with past, present
and future tenses.
example 1 : You might find it strange at first but you’ll
soon get used to it.
example 2 :He wasn’t
used to the heat and he caught sunstroke.
5)Would + infinitive =>
habit in the past
example 1 : john would get
punished everyday because of his bad behavior
example 2:When we were children, we
would go to
the beach every summer.
example 3 :When I lived in Japan, I would take Japanese lessons three times a
week.
=>This is
similar in meaning to 'used to + infinitive'
6) Verb +v + Ing : enjoy ,
dislike , admit ,finish , imagine , deny , involve , postpone , mind , delay ,
suggest , suggest , regret , avoid , practice , risk
7) The superlative forms of adjectives:
*Short adjective + est : example : john is the tallest student in my class
*The most + long adjective : example : Rita is the most courageous student I have ever known
*Irregular adjectives :
good=> the best / bad=> the
worst / many-much=> the most / little=> the least.
